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Research at Medicine

Associate Professor Brett Garner
Phone: 02 9399 1024Brett Garner
Email:
Qualifications: BSc (Hons.), PhD (Syd)
 
School/Unit:
School of Medical Sciences
 
Broad Research Areas:
Lipids
Neuroscience
Cardiology and Vascular Disease
Cell Biology and Gene Regulation
Biochemistry
 
Specific Research Keywords:
Apolipoprotein structure/function
Lipid trafficking/transport
Lipoproteins
Atherosclerosis
Neurodegeneration
 
Research Interests:

Dr Garner's research is focused on lipoprotein metabolism, apolipoprotein structure and cellular lipid metabolism with the aim of elucidating mechanisms that regulate cholesterol transport. Studies on apolipoprotein-E indicate new roles in cell biology, atherosclerosis and neurodegeneration. Studies on the interaction of cellular cholesterol and glycosphingolipid metabolism provide new mechanistic understandings to the dysregulation of cholesterol transport in atherosclerosis and specifc neurodegenerative diseases. These studies have also yielded new potential therapeutic avenues to regulate cellular cholesterol metabolism.
 
Teaching Interests:

2008 Hons -> PhD project
http://www.bmsf.unsw.edu.au/research/projects/apoE.html
 
Society Memberships & Professional Activities:

SOCIETY MEMBERSHIP
Australian Neuroscience Society
Australian Atherosclerosis Society
Australian Vascular Biology Society
International Society for Neurochemistry
Society for Glycobiology (USA)
Biochemical Society (UK)

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
Editorial Advisor:
Biochemical Journal
Clinical Science
 
Funding Sources:

NH&MRC
National Heart Foundation
Australian Research Council
 
Thesis topics for current UNSW Medicine postgraduate research students:
  • Role of ABCA7 in brain cholesterol homeostasis and amyloid deposition.
  • The function of apolipoprotein - E in lipid metabolism and cell biology.
  • Transcriptional regulation of the Parkinson's disease protein a-synuclein.
  •  
    Key works/Publications:

    Refereed research publications (updated 16/01/2008)

    1. Christen, S., Thomas, S. R., Garner, B. and Stocker, R. (1994) Inhibition by interferon-gamma of human mononuclear cell-mediated low density lipoprotein oxidation. Participation of tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway. J Clin Invest 93: 2149-2158
    IF = 15.75 (cites = 54)

    2. Garner, B., Dean, R. T. and Jessup, W. (1994) Human macrophage-mediated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein is delayed and independent of superoxide production. Biochem J 301: 421-428
    IF = 4.1 (cites = 43)

    3. Garner, B., Baoutina, A., Dean, R. T. and Jessup, W. (1997) Regulation of serum-induced lipid accumulation in human monocyte- derived macrophages by interferon-gamma. Correlations with apolipoprotein E production, lipoprotein lipase activity and LDL receptor-related protein expression. Atherosclerosis 128: 47-58
    IF = 3.81 (cites = 34)

    4. Garner, B., Li, W., Roberg, K. and Brunk, U. T. (1997) On the cytoprotective role of ferritin in macrophages and its ability to enhance lysosomal stability. Free Radic Res 27: 487-500
    IF = 2.54 (cites = 25)

    5. Garner, B., van Reyk, D., Dean, R. T. and Jessup, W. (1997) Direct copper reduction by macrophages. Its role in low density lipoprotein oxidation. J Biol Chem 272: 6927-6935
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 38)

    6. Garner, B., Roberg, K. and Brunk, U. T. (1998) Endogenous ferritin protects cells with iron-laden lysosomes against oxidative stress. Free Radic Res 29: 103-114
    IF = 2.54 (cites = 37)

    7. Garner, B., Waldeck, A. R., Witting, P. K., Rye, K. A. and Stocker, R. (1998) Oxidation of high density lipoproteins. Evidence for direct reduction of lipid hydroperoxides by methionine residues of apolipoproteins AI and AII. J Biol Chem 273: 6088-6095
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 124)

    8. Garner, B., Witting, P. K., Waldeck, A. R., Christison, J. K., Raftery, M. and Stocker, R. (1998) Oxidation of high density lipoproteins. Formation of methionine sulfoxide in apolipoproteins AI and AII is an early event that accompanies lipid peroxidation and can be enhanced by alpha-tocopherol. J Biol Chem 273: 6080-6087
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 92)

    9. Garner, B., Georgevich, A., Hodgson, A. J., Liu, L. and Wallace, G. G. (1999) Polypyrrole-heparin composites as stimulus-responsive substrates for endothelial cell growth. J Biomed Mater Res 44: 121-129
    IF = 2.50 (cites = 58)

    10. Garner, B., Roberg, K., Qian, M., Brunk, U. T., Eaton, J. W. and Truscott, R. J. (1999) Redox availability of lens iron and copper: implications for HO• generation in cataract. Redox Rep 4: 313-315
    IF = 1.59 (cites = 6)

    11. Garner, B., Vazquez, S., Griffith, R., Lindner, R. A., Carver, J. A. and Truscott, R. J. (1999) Identification of glutathionyl-3-hydroxykynurenine glucoside as a novel fluorophore associated with aging of the human lens. J Biol Chem 274: 20847-20854
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 37)

    12. Garner, B., Wallace, G. G., Hodgson, A. J. and Underwood, P. A. (1999) Human endothelial cell attachment to and growth on polypyrrole-heparin is vitronectin dependent. J Mater Sci Mater Med 10: 19-27
    IF = 1.56 (cites = 29)

    13. Hood, B. D., Garner, B. and Truscott, R. J. (1999) Human lens coloration and aging. Evidence for crystallin modification by the major ultraviolet filter, 3-hydroxy-kynurenine O-beta-D- glucoside. J Biol Chem 274: 32547-32550
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 61)

    14. Garner, B., Davies, M. J. and Truscott, R. J. (2000) Formation of hydroxyl radicals in the human lens is related to the severity of nuclear cataract. Exp Eye Res 70: 81-88
    IF = 2.78 (cites = 22)

    15. Garner, B., Roberg, K., Qian, M., Eaton, J. W. and Truscott, R. J. (2000) Distribution of ferritin and redox-active transition metals in normal and cataractous human lenses. Exp Eye Res 71: 599-607
    IF = 2.78 (cites = 8)

    16. Garner, B., Shaw, D. C., Lindner, R. A., Carver, J. A. and Truscott, R. J. (2000) Non-oxidative modification of lens crystallins by kynurenine: a novel post-translational protein modification with possible relevance to ageing and cataract. Biochim Biophys Acta 1476: 265-278
    IF = 3.31 (cites = 43)

    17. Vazquez, S., Garner, B., Sheil, M. M. and Truscott, R. J. (2000) Characterisation of the major autoxidation products of 3- hydroxykynurenine under physiological conditions. Free Radic Res 32: 11-23
    IF = 2.54 (cites = 29)

    18. Garner, B., Harvey, D. J., Royle, L., Frischmann, M., Nigon, F., Chapman, M. J. and Rudd, P. M. (2001) Characterisation of human apolipoprotein B100 oligosaccharides in low density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions derived from normal and hyperlipidemic plasma. Deficiency of α-N-acetylneuraminyllactosyl ceramide in light and small dense LDL. Glycobiology 11: 791-802
    IF = 3.67 (cites = 5)

    19. Garner, B., Merry, A. H., Royle, L., Harvey, D. J., Rudd, P. M. and Thillet, J. (2001) Structural elucidation of the N- and O-glycans of human apolipoprotein (a). Role of O-glycans in conferring protease resistance. J Biol Chem 276: 22200-22208
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 29)

    20. Wing, D. R., Garner, B., Hunnam, V., Reinkensmeier, G., Andersson, U., Harvey, D. J., Dwek, R. A., Platt, F. M. and Butters, T. D. (2001) High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of ganglioside carbohydrates at the pmol level after ceramide glycanse digestion and fluorescent labelling with 2-aminobenzamide. Anal Biochem 298: 207-217
    IF = 2.95 (cites = 20)

    21. Garner, B., Mellor, H. R., Butters, T. D., Dwek, R. A. and Platt, F. M. (2002) Modulation of THP-1 macrophage and cholesterol-loaded foam cell apolipoprotein-E levels by glycosphingolipids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 290: 1361-1367
    IF = 2.86 (cites = 6)

    22. Garner, B., Priestman, D. A., Stocker, R., Harvey, D. J., Butters, T. D. and Platt, F. M. (2002) Increased glycosphingolipid levels in serum and aortae of apolipoprotein E gene knockout mice. J Lipid Res 43: 205-214.
    IF = 4.36 (cites = 19)

    23. Quinn, C. M., Kagedal, K., Terman, A., Stroikin, U., Brunk, U. T., Jessup, W. and Garner, B. (2004) Induction of fibroblast apolipoprotein E expression during apoptosis, starvation-induced growth arrest and mitosis. Biochem J 378: 753-761
    IF = 4.10 (cites = 10)

    24. Tedla, N., Glaros, E. N., Brunk, U. T., Jessup, W. and Garner, B. (2004) Heterogeneous expression of apolipoprotein-E by human macrophages. Immunology 113: 338-347
    IF = 3.67 (cites = 2)

    25. Fedorow, H., Pickford, R., Hook, J. M., Double, K., Halliday, G. M., Gerlach, M., Riederer, P. and Garner, B. (2005) Dolichol is the major lipid component of human substantia nigra neuromelanin. J Neurochem 92: 990-995
    IF = 4.26 (cites = 13)

    26. Glaros, E. N., Kim, W. S., Quinn, C. M., Wong, J., Gelissen, I., Jessup, W. and Garner, B. (2005) Glycosphingolipid accumulation inhibits cholesterol efflux via the ABCA1 / apoA-I pathway. 1-Phenyl-2-Decanoylamino-3-Morpholino-1-Propanol is a novel cholesterol efflux accelerator. J Biol Chem 280: 24515-24523
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 6)

    27. Raftery, M., Campbell, R., Glaros, E. N., Rye, K. A., Halliday, G. M., Jessup, W. and Garner, B. (2005) Phosphorylation of Apolipoprotein-E at an Atypical Protein Kinase CK2 PSD/E Site in Vitro. Biochemistry 44: 7346-7353
    IF = 3.63 (cites = 5)

    28. Fedorow, H., Pickford, R., Kettle, E., Cartwright, M., Halliday, G. M., Gerlach, M., Riederer, P., Garner, B. and Double, K. L. (2006) Investigation of the lipid component of neuromelanin. J Neural Transm 113: 735-739
    IF = 2.93 (cites = 2)


    29. He, Z., Aristoteli, L. P., Kritharides, L. and Garner, B. (2006) HPLC analysis of discrete haptoglobin isoform N-linked oligosaccharides following 2D-PAGE isolation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 343: 496-503
    IF = 2.86 (cites = 1)

    30. Kim, W. S., Guillemin, G. J., Glaros, E. N., Lim, C. K. and Garner, B. (2006) Quantitation of ATP-binding cassette subfamily-A transporter gene expression in primary human brain cells. Neuroreport 17: 891-896
    IF = 2.13 (cites = 6)

    31. Bröer, S., Bröer, A., Hansen, J. T., Bubb, W. A., Balcar, V. J., Nasrallah, F. A., Garner, B. and Rae, C. (2007) Alanine metabolism, transport and cycling in the brain. J Neurochem 102: 1758-1770
    IF = 4.26 (cites = )

    32. Dedov, V. N., Griffiths, F. M., Garner, B., Halliday, G. M. and Double, K. L. (2007) Lipid content determines aggregation of neuromelanin granules in vitro. J Neural Transm 72: 35-38
    IF = 2.93 (cites = )

    33. Elliott, D. A., Kim, W. S., Jans, D. A. and Garner, B. (2007) Apoptosis induces neuronal apolipoprotein-E synthesis and localization in apoptotic bodies. Neurosci Lett 416: 206-210
    IF = 2.09 (cites = 2)

    34. Glaros, E. N., Kim, W. S., Wu, B. J., Suarna, C., Quinn, C. M., Rye, K. A., Stocker, R., Jessup, W. and Garner, B. (2007) Inhibition of atherosclerosis by the serine palmitoyl transferase inhibitor myriocin is associated with reduced plasma glycosphingolipid concentration. Biochem Pharmacol 73: 1340-1346
    IF = 3.58 (cites = 1)

    35. Guillemin, G., Cullen, K., Lim, C., Smythe, G., Kapoor, V., Garner, B., Takikawa, O. and Brew, B. (2007) Characterization of the kynurenine pathway in human neurons. J Neurosci 27: 12884-12892
    IF = 7.45 (cites = )

    36. Kim, W. S., Suryo Rahmanto, A., Kamili, A., Rye, K. A., Guillemin, G. J., Gelissen, I. C., Jessup, W., Hill, A. F. and Garner, B. (2007) Role of ABCG1 and ABCA1 in regulation of neuronal cholesterol efflux to apolipoprotein-E discs and suppression of amyloid-beta peptide generation. J Biol Chem 282: 2851-2861 (see commentary New Scientist (2007) 2590, 2815)
    IF = 5.81 (cites = 10)

    37. Nasrallah, F. A., Garner, B., Ball, G. E. and Rae, C. (2007) Modulation of brain metabolism by very low concentrations of the commonly used drug delivery vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). J Neurosci Res 86: 208-214
    IF = 3.47 (cites = )

    38. Elliott, D. A., Kim, W. S., Jans, D. A. and Garner, B. (2008) Macrophage apolipoprotein-E knockdown modulates caspase-3 activation without altering sensitivity to apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta in press 07/11/07
    IF = 3.31 (cites = )

    39. Glaros, E. N., Kim, W. S., Quinn, C. M., Jessup, W., Rye, K. A. and Garner, B. (2008) Myriocin slows progression of established atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein-E gene knockout mice. J Lipid Res in press 31/10/07
    IF = 4.36 (cites = )

    40. Kim, W. S., Elliott, D. A., Kockx, M., Kritharides, L., Rye, K. A., Jans, D. A. and Garner, B. (2008) Analysis of apolipoprotein-E nuclear localisation using green fluorescent protein and biotinylation approaches. Biochem J 409: 701-709
    IF = 4.10 (cites = )


    Reviews

    41. Garner, B. and Jessup, W. (1996) Cell-mediated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein: the elusive mechanism(s). Redox Rep 2: 97-104
    IF = 1.59 (cites = 25)

    42. Kim, W. S., Chalfant, C. E. and Garner, B. (2006) Fine tuning therapeutic targeting of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway to treat atherosclerosis. Current Vasc Pharmacol 4: 151-154
    IF = 3.92 (cites = 2)

    43. Kim, W. S., Weickert, C. S. and Garner, B. (2008) Role of ATP-binding cassette transporters in brain lipid transport and neurological disease. J Neurochem in press 04/12/07
    IF = 4.10 (cites = )

    44. Double, K. L., Dedov, V. N., Fedorow, H., Kettle, E., Halliday, G. M., Garner, B. and Brunk, U. T. (2008) The comparative biology of neuromelanin and lipofuscin in the human brain. Cell Mol Life Sci in press 07/01/08
    IF = 4.66 (cites = )




    Book chapters

    45. Jessup, W., Garner, B. and Dean, R. T. (1998) Metal reduction by macrophages - its role in low-density lipoprotein oxidation. In: H. Asard, A. Berczi and R. J. Caubergs, (Eds.), Plasma Membrane Redox Systems and their Role in Biological Stress and Disease, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 267–278

    46. Kim, W. S., Hill, A. F. and Garner, B. (2008) Impact of human neuronal ABC transporters on cholesterol efflux and amyloid-beta production, New Trends in Alzheimer and Parkinson Disorders, Karger, Basel, pp. in press 01/09/07


     
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