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Research InterestsProfessor Andrew Lloyd | | (Position Details) | | Phone Please contact School/Unit | | Qualifications MB BS Syd, MD UNSW, FRACP |
| | | School/Unit |
| School of Medical Sciences | |
| | Broad Research Areas | |
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Immunology
Virology
Infectious Diseases
Inflammation
Pathology
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| | | | Specific Research Keywords | |
| Anti-viral Immunity
Cytokines
Chemokines
Post-infective fatigue states
Hepatitis C
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| | | | Research Interests | |
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The goal of the research groups which are led by Professor Lloyd is to understand the cellular and molecular basis of inflammatory processes in human infectious diseases. In particular, Professor Lloyd's research groups are seeking to define the role of cytokines, notably the chemoattractant cytokines (chemokines) in regulation of lymphocyte trafficking. The groups are focussed on studies of the pathogenesis of hepatitis C infection, and the characteristics of the host response to other infections includi ng Epstein-Barr virus, Ross River virus and Coxiella burnetii - the causative agent of Q fever. The scope of the research extends from laboratory studies of the basic biology of genes relevant to disease pathogenesis through to clinical and epidemiological studies in humans. The research includes cellular and molecular immunology techniques, and includes in vitro as well as in vivo studies in animal models of disease
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| | | | Project Topics for current Honours Students |
| Project Area 1: Making leucocytes move: the role of chemokines and their receptors in the regulation of trafficking of effector T lymphocytes into the liver in hepatitis C infection.
Project Area 2: Determinants of the severity and course of acute infection: genetic and immunological factors contributing to the spectrum of illness outcomes in acute Epstein-Barr virus (glandular fever), Ross River virus (epidemic polyarthritis) and Q fever infections.
Project 3: Protective immunity against hepatitis C – defining the characteristics of cellular immune responses against the virus in high risk individuals with good outcomes, including those who remain uninfected and those who clear infection.
Skills learnt: cellular and molecular immunology assays including multi-colour flow cytometry, ELISpot, and cytokine production. | |
| | | | Teaching Interests | |
| The focus of my teaching interest is in postgraduate education, both in the clinical arena (for residents and registrars in the hospitals), and in the research area (for Honours, Masters and PhD students). I am interested in ensuring that teaching in Pathology stays clearly relevant to the clinical practice of medicine, and in incorporating the principles of evidence-based medicine into both teaching and patient care. | |
| | | | Society Memberships & Professional Activities | |
| American Association of Immunologists; Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases; Australasian Society for Immunology; Australasian Society for HIV Medicine; Australian Centre for Hepatitis Virology, National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Res earch - Viral hepatitis working group | |
| | | | Funding Sources | |
| NHMRC Program and Project grants; Centers for Disease Control, USA, NIH, USA; Mason Foundation | |
| | | | Other Postgraduate Research | |
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Optimising treatment interventions for patients with post-cancer fatigue
Development and validation of a semi-structured interview schedule for diagnosis of fatigue states
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| | | | Key works/Publications | |
| Adams DH, Lloyd AR. Chemokines: leucocyte recruitment and activation cytokines. Lancet 1997; 349: 490-495.
Kelly MD, Naif H, Adams SL, Cunningham A, Lloyd AR. Dichotomous effects of b-chemokines on HIV replication in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. J Immunol 1998; 160: 3091-3095.
Tedla N, Wang H-W, McNeil HP, DiGirolamo N, Hampartzoumian T, Wakefield D, Lloyd A. Regulation of T lymphocyte trafficking into lymph nodes during an immune response by the chemokines, MIP-1a and MIP-1b. J Immunol 1998; 161:5663-5672.
Lloyd AR, Hickie I, Peterson PK. Chronic fatigue syndrome: current concepts of pathogenesis and treatment in Swartz M, Remington JS. Current Clinical Topics in Infectious Diseases Volume 19, Blackwell Science Inc, Cambridge, 1999, pp 135-159.
Freeman AJ, Zekry A, Whybin LR, Harvey CE, van Beek IA, de Kantzow SL, Rawlinson WD, Boughton CR, Robertson PW, Marinos G, Lloyd AR. Prevalence and genotype of hepatitis C virus among Australian injecting drug users in the 1970's. Med J Aust 2000; 172: 588-591.
Freeman AJ, Marinos G, Ffrench RA, Lloyd AR The immunopathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. Immunol Cell Biol 2001; 79, 515-536.
Post JJ, Dolan K, Whybin R, Carter IW, Haber PS, Lloyd AR. Acute hepatitis C virus infection in a n Australian prison inmate: tattooing as a possible transmission route. Med J Aust 2001; 174:183-184.
Thakur A, Xue M, Stapleton F, Lloyd AR, Wakefield D, Willcox MDP. Balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines correlates with outcome of acute experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Infect Immun 2002; 70: 2187-2197.
White PA, Pan Y, Freeman AJ, Marinos G, Ffrench RA Lloyd AR, Rawlinson WB. Hepatitis C virus quantification in human liver and serum using LightCycler RT-PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 4346-4348.
Freeman AJ. Pan Y. Harvey CE. Post JJ. Law MG. White PA. Rawlinson WD. Lloyd AR. Marinos G. Ffrench RA. The presence of an intrahepatic cytotoxic T lymphocyte response is associated with low viral load in patients with chronic he patitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2003; 38:349-56.
Harvey CE. Post JJ. Palladinetti P. Freeman AJ. Ffrench RA. Kumar RK. Marinos G. Lloyd AR. Expression of the chemokine IP-10 (CXCL10) by hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis C virus infection correlates with histological severity and lo bular inflammation. J Leuk Biol. 2003; 74:360-9.
Smith A, Vollmer-Conna U, Bennett B, Wakefield D, Hickie I, Lloyd A. The relationship between distress and the development of a primary immune response to a novel antigen, Brain, Behaviour and Immunity 2004; 18: 65-75
Smith A, Vollmer-Conna U, Geczy A, Dunckley H, Bennett B, Hickie I, Lloyd A. Does genotype mask the relationship between psychological factors and immune function? Brain, Behaviour and Immunity. 2005; 19: 147-152
Helbig K, Ayres J, Dunckley H, Lloyd AR, Robson J, Marmion BP, Harris R. Immune response genes in the post-Q-fever fatigue syndrome, Q fever endocarditis and uncomplicated acute primary Q fever. QJ Med 2005; 98: 565 - 574.
Cameron B, Bharadwaj M, Burrows J, Fazou C, Wakefield D, Hickie I, Ffrench R, Khanna R, Lloyd A for the Dubbo Infection Outcomes Study. Prolonged illness after infectious mononucleosis is associated with altereded immunity but not with increased viral load. J Infect Dis 2006; 193: 664-71.
Cameron B, Galbraith S, Zhang Y, Davenport T, Vollmer-Conna U, Wakefield D, Hickie I, Dunsmuir W, Whistler T, Vernon S, Reeves WC, Lloyd AR, for the Dubbo Infection Outcomes Study Group. Gene expression correlates of post-infective fatigue syndrome after infectious mononucleosis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2007; 196: 56-66.
Xue, M.-L., Thakur, A., Cole, N., Lloyd, A., Stapleton, F., Wakefield, D. and Willcox, M.D.P.. A critical role for CCL2 and CCL3 chemokines in the regulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils recruitment during corneal infection in mice. Immunology & Cell Biology 2007; 85, 525-31.
Everett B, Cameron B, Li H, Vollmer-Conna U, Davenport T, Hickie I,Wakefield D, Vernon S, Reeves WC, Lloyd AR. Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptors-2 and -4 are not associated with disease manifestations in acute Q fever. Genes and Immunity, 2007; 8: 699-702.
Bennett B, Goldstein D, Friedlander M, Hickie I, Lloyd A. The experience of cancer-related fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome: a qualitative and comparative study. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2007; 34:126-35.
Dolan MJ, Kulkarni H, Camargo JF, He W, Smith A, Anaya JM, Miura T, Hecht FM, Mamtani M, Pereyra F, Marconi V, Mangano A, Sen L, Bologna R, Clark RA, Anderson SA, Delmar J, O’Connell RJ, Lloyd A, Martin J, Ahuja SS, Agan BK,Walker BD, Deeks SG, Ahuja SK. CCL3L1 and CCR5 influence cell-mediated immunity and affect HIV-AIDS pathogenesis via viral entry-dependent and entry independent mechanisms. Nature Immunology, 2007; 8,:1324 - 1336.
Palmer C, Hampartzoumian T, Lloyd A, Zekry A. A novel role for adiponectin in regulating immune responses in chronic hepatitis C infection. Hepatology, 2008; 48: 378-384.
Vollmer-Conna U, Piraino B, Cameron B, Davenport T, Hickie I, Wakefield D, Lloyd A. Cytokine polymorphisms have a synergistic effect on severity of the acute sickness response to infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2008; 47:1418-1425. | |
| | | | Further Information | |
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